Did You Know? 50 Facts about the Rising Arbh Eol Duit? 50 Fíric faoin Éirí Amach

The 1916 Easter Rising had profound impacts all around the world. The tale is well-told, but how much of it has been lost in the pages of history books? Turns out there’s a lot more to the story than we realise.

Bhí tionchar mór ag Éirí Amach na Cásca 1916 ar fud an domhain. Tá an scéal inste go maith, ach an bhfuil cuid de caillte sna leabhair staire? Is cosúil go bhfuil i bhfad níos mó i gceist leis scéal ná mar a shíleamar.

Foundations

1. The first rebellion, in 1798, took place 118 years before the Rising and was led by Theobald Wolfe Tone with the aim of creating an Irish Republic. It failed and Tone died in Provost's Prison, Dublin before his sentence to be hanged could be carried out.

Leagan na Bunchloiche

1. Thit an chéad reibiliún amach sa bhliain 1798 – 118 mbliana roimh an Éirí Amach. Ba é Theobald Wolfe Tone a bhí i gceannas air agus é ina sprioc aige Poblacht na hÉireann a chruthú. Theip ar an iarracht sin agus fuair Tone bás i bPríosún an Phropaist, Baile Átha Cliath sula rabhthas in ann é a chrochadh.

Catalysts

2. As new rumours of Irish independence began to stir in the beginning of the 1900s, not everyone supported the cause. The Protestants making up a large percentage of Ulster residents feared that Home Rule would mean 'Rome Rule', and vowed to fight if a rebellion seemed imminent.

3. Home Rule was indeed voted into British Parliament in 1914, but the onset of World War I pressed pause on its implementation, frustrating some while offering others the opportunity to gain real-world battlefield experience.

4. The primary maxim within the Irish Republican Brotherhood was “England’s difficulty is Ireland’s opportunity”. This led them to consider England’s commitment of troops in World War I as the perfect time to strike.

Catalaígh

2. Faoi mar a thosaigh ráflaí nua ag dul thart faoi neamhspleáchas na hÉireann ag tús na 1900idí, níor thacaigh gach duine leis an gcúis. Bhí faitíos ar an líon mór Protastúnach i gCúige Uladh go mbeadh ‘Rialú ón Róimh’ i gceist le Rialtas Dúchais agus gheall siad go rachaidís chun troda dá gceapfaí go raibh éirí amach ar tí tarlú.

3. Vótáladh ar son Rialtas Dúchais i bParlaimint na Breataine i 1914, ach cuireadh a chur chun feidhme ar athlá mar gheall ar an gCéad Chogadh Domhanda. Chuir sé sin as go mór do roinnt daoine ach thug sé deis do dhaoine eile fíorthaithí a fháil ar an láthair chatha.

4. Ba é príomhnathán Bhráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann “Sasana san fhaopach agus Éire sa tóir”. Mheas siad gur thráthúil dul i mbun gnímh toisc go raibh trúpaí Shasana gafa leis an gCéad Chogadh Domhanda.

Key Players

5. The seven men who planned the Rising were Thomas Clarke, Sean McDermott, Patrick Pearse, Eamonn Ceannt, Joseph Plunkett, James Connolly, and Thomas MacDonagh - all members of Irish Republican Brotherhood Military Council.

6. Thomas Clarke, largely considered the chief architect of the Rising, was born in England and lived for many years in the United States.

7. As part of the IRB mobilisation, a 22-year-old man by the name of Liam Mellows was sent to Galway to oversee the training of Ireland’s western volunteers.

8. Padraig Pearse, inspired by Irish mythological character Cú Chulainn, along with poet Robert Emmet (who himself was infatuated by the idea of martyrdom) joined the Irish Volunteers in Dublin at age 34, quickly rising through the ranks.

9. Pearse was a teetotaller; a poet and a teacher, he abstained from drinking and smoking.

10. For his services to the British as Consul in the Congo Free State, Dublin-born Roger Casement (who would later superintend the meeting of gunboats in the west), was awarded a knighthood. After conviction of treason for his part in the Rising, he was stripped of his knighthood and executed by hanging in Pentonville Gaol in London.

11. Irish women proved formidable in their contributions to the rebellion. Over 200 members of Cumann na mBan, the women’s auxiliary branch of the Irish Volunteers armed and trained themselves, fighting alongside the men.

12. Eoin MacNeill, head of the Irish Volunteers, tried to call off the Rising just days before, but was sidetracked by the news of a German gun-running ship heading to Ireland under the supervision of Roger Casement. The ship was caught, however, leading MacNeill to once again call off the rebellion, confusing many volunteers and causing them to miss the Rising.

Na Príomhpháirtithe

5. Ba iad an seachtar fear a bheartaigh an tÉirí Amach Tomás Ó Cléirigh, Seán Mac Diarmada, Pádraig Mac Piarais, Éamonn Ceannt, Seosamh Pluincéid, Séamas Ó Conghaile agus Tomás Mac Donnchadha – iad uile ina mball de Chomhairle Mhíleata Bhráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann.

6. Meastar gurbh é Tomás Ó Cléirigh príomhcheann feadhna an Éirí Amach. Rugadh i Sasana é agus bhí cónaí air sna Stáit Aontaithe ar feadh na mblianta.

7. Mar chuid de shlógadh Bhráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann, cuireadh fear a bhí 22 bhliain d’aois darbh ainm Liam Ó Maoilíosa go Gaillimh chun maoirseacht a dhéanamh ar oiliúint óglaigh Iarthar na hÉireann.

8. Chuaigh Pádraig Mac Piarais – é spreagtha ag an gcarachtar miotaseolaíoch Éireannach Cú Chulainn, mar aon leis an bhfile Roibeard Emmet (a bhí fíorthógtha leis an mairtíreacht é féin) – le hÓglaigh na hÉireann i mBaile Átha Cliath nuair a bhí sé 34 bliana d’aois. Rinne sé dul chun cinn ann go tapa.

9. Ba réadóir, fhile agus mhúinteoir é an Piarsach – staon sé ón ól agus ón tobac.

10. Rugadh Ruairí Mac Easmainn i mBaile Átha Cliath. Bronnadh ridireacht air as a chuid seirbhísí don Bhreatain mar Chonsal i Saorstát Chongó (rinne sé feitheoireacht ar theacht le chéile bád gunnaí san iarthar ní b’fhaide anonn). Tar éis a chiontaithe i dtréas as a pháirt san Éirí Amach, baineadh a ridireacht de agus crochadh é i bPríosún Pentonville i Londain.

11. Rinne mná na hÉireann a gcuid ar son an Éirí Amach leis. Chuaigh os cionn 200 ball de Chumann na mBan, craobh chúnta Óglaigh na hÉireann do mhná, faoi airm. Chuir siad oiliúint orthu féin agus throid siad le taobh na bhfear.

12. Rinne Eoin Mac Néill, ceannasaí Óglaigh na hÉireann, iarracht an tÉirí Amach a chur ar ceal cúpla lá roimh an eachtra. Cuireadh óna chuspóir é mar thoradh ar an nuacht go raibh long smuigléireachta gunnaí ag teacht go hÉirinn ón nGearmáin faoi mhaoirseacht Ruairí Mhic Easmainn. Gabhadh an long, áfach, agus shocraigh Eoin Mac Néill an tÉirí Amach a chur ar ceal arís, rud a chuir mearbhall ar mhórán óglach agus chaill siad an tÉirí Amach dá bharr.

The Rebellion Begins

13. The Rising began on Easter Monday, April 24, 1916 when members of IRB, Irish Volunteer Force and Irish Citizen Army marched down Sackville Street towards the GPO, successfully taking it as their headquarters. Other appropriated buildings included the Four Courts, Jacob’s Biscuit Factory, Boland’s Mill, the South Dublin Union, St. Stephen’s Green, and the Royal College of Surgeons.

14. Five of the seven members of the Military Council/Provisional Government of the Irish Republic were stationed at the General Post Office as events played out.

Tús leis an Éirí Amach

13. Thosaigh an tÉirí Amach Luan Cásca, an 24 Aibreán 1916 tar éis do bhaill de Bhráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann, d’Óglaigh na hÉireann agus d’Arm Cathartha na hÉireann máirseáil síos Sráid Sackville i dtreo Ard-Oifig an Phoist. D’éirigh leo í a ghabháil mar a gceanncheathrú I measc na bhfoirgneamh eile ar glacadh seilbh orthu bhí na Ceithre Cúirteanna, Monarcha Brioscaí Jacob, Muilte Uí Bheoláin, Aontas Bhaile Átha Cliath Theas, Faiche Stiabhna, agus Coláiste Ríoga na Máinleá.

14. Bhí cúigear den seachtar ball den Chomhairle Mhíleata/Rialtas Sealadach Phoblacht na hÉireann lonnaithe in Ard-Oifig an Phoist de réir mar a thit na himeachtaí amach.

The Proclamation

15. At the GPO, Patrick Pearse read the newly composed Proclamation aloud to a small gathering of onlookers at the front of the building. Although it outlined the establishment of an independent Irish Republic, the event passed largely without incident.

16. When the Proclamation was signed by the seven leaders of the Rising, it was agreed that Pearse was to be the president of the newly formed Irish Republic.

17. As the oldest and most respected member of the Military Council, Thomas Clarke was given the honour of signing the Proclamation first.

An Forógra

15. Léigh Pádraig Mac Piarais an Forógra nuachumtha os ard le lucht féachana beag ar aghaidh Ard-Oifig an Phoist. Cé gur tugadh breac-chuntas ann ar bhunú Phoblacht na hÉireann neamhspleách, ba bheag trioblóid a sonraíodh ag an ócáid.

16. I ndiaidh do sheachtar ceannairí an Éirí Amach an Forógra a shíniú, comhaontaíodh go mbeadh Pádraig Mac Piarais ina uachtarán ar Phoblacht na hÉireann nuabhunaithe.

17. Ós rud go raibh sé mar an ball ba shine den Chomhairle Mhíleata agus go raibh sé mar an ball ar a raibh meas ba mhó, ba é Tomás Ó Cléirigh a shínigh an Forógra ar dtús.

The Flag

18. The Irish tricolour was a gift to Thomas F. Meagher from the people of France, modelled on their own. The green side of the flag represents Catholics and the orange side Protestants, while the white in the middle is a symbol of peaceful union between the two. It was raised at the Henry Street corner of the GPO at 12.30pm on Easter Monday.

An Bhratach

18. Ba bhronntanas í Bratach na hÉireann do Thomas F. Meagher ó mhuintir na Fraince, agus í bunaithe ar a mbratach féin. Seasann an taobh glas den bhratach do Chaitlicigh agus seasann an taobh oráiste den bhratach do Phrotastúnaigh. Is siombail é an dath bán sa lár d’aontas síochánta eatarthu. Ardaíodh í ar choirnéal Ard-Oifig an Phoist le Sráid Anraí ar 12.30pm Luan Cásca.

No Turning Back

19. The first shot of the Rising was fired at Dublin Castle as the Volunteers attempted to storm the building - the seat of British government in Ireland. An unarmed constable, James O’Brien, was killed.

20. After many of the city’s poor - most already living in some of Europe’s most destitute conditions - began looting shops, Brigadier General William Lowe declared Martial Law.

21. Francis Sheehy Skeffington, a well-known writer and pacifist, was arrested while trying to stop looters and executed the next day without trial or a reason given.

22. WB Yeats’s legendary poem “A Terrible Beauty” was written after news of the Rising reached him.

23. Under heavy artillery fire from British troops, rebels sent young boys and women to deliver messages, as it was assumed they would be spared from attack.

24. Despite the strategic captures of many of Dublin’s landmark buildings, none of the train stations or ports were seized in the days of the Rising, making it easy for the British to send for and receive reinforcements.

25. Early in the battle, James Connolly, commander of the Dublin Brigade, was injured by a ricocheting bullet to the ankle. Without medical attention, the wound quickly turned gangrenous. The position of highest in command then passed on to Padraig Pearse.

Níl Aon Dul Siar Ann

19. Scaoileadh an chéad urchar san Éirí Amach i gCaisleán Bhaile Átha Cliath le linn do na hÓglaigh iarracht a dhéanamh an foirgneamh a ionsaí – suíomh rialtas na Breataine in Éirinn. Maraíodh constábla gan arm, James O’Brien.

20. D’fhógair an Briogáidire-Ghinearál William Lowe Dlí Airm tar éis do chuid mhór de bhochtáin na cathrach siopaí a chreachadh. Bhí tromlach na mbochtán sin ag maireachtáil i gcuid de na dálaí ba dheilbhe san Eoraip ag an am.

21. Gabhadh Francis Sheehy-Skeffington, ar shíochánaí agus scríbhneoir cáiliúil é, le linn dó iarracht a dhéanamh stop a chur le creachadóirí. Cuireadh chun báis é gan triail ná cúis an lá arna mhárach.

22. Chum WB Yeats a dhán cáiliúil “A Terrible Beauty” tar éis dó foghlaim faoin Éirí Amach.

23. Agus iad faoi lámhach airtléire trom ó thrúpaí na Breataine, chuir na reibiliúnaigh mná agus buachaillí óga amach ag seachadadh teachtaireachtaí mar go ndearnadh talamh slán de nach ndéanfaí ionsaí orthusan.

24. In ainneoin gur gabhadh mórán d’fhoirgnimh shuntasacha Bhaile Átha Cliath go straitéiseach, níor glacadh seilbh ar aon cheann de na stáisiúin traenach nó calafoirt le linn an Éirí Amach. Dá bhrí sin, b’éasca d’fhórsaí na Breataine trúpaí breise a ghairm agus a fháil.

25. Gortaíodh ceannasaí Bhriogáid Bhaile Átha Cliath, Séamas Ó Conghaile, go luath sa chath le piléar athscinnidh sa rúitín. D’éirigh an chréacht morgthach go tapa gan cóir leighis. Mar thoradh air sin, rinneadh ceannasaí de Phádraig Mac Piarais.

Escalation

26. The number of those killed or wounded on the British side was eventually reported at 234 officers.

27. Half of British casualties were the result of one battle at Mount Street Bridge - the bloodiest in the rebellion.

28. The only Rising leader to be killed in the fighting was Michael Joseph O’Rahilly, shot after the order to surrender had been given.

Géarú

26. Tuairiscíodh sa deireadh gur maraíodh nó gur gortaíodh 234 oifigeach ar thaobh na Breataine.

27. Maraíodh nó gortaíodh an leathchuid d’fhórsaí na Breataine san aon chath amháin ag Droichead Shráid an Mhóta – an cath b’fhuiltí san éirí amach.

28. Ba é Mícheál Seosamh Ó Rathaille an t-aon cheannaire amháin san Éirí Amach a maraíodh sa troid – scaoileadh é tar éis fhógairt an ordaithe géillte.

Surrender

29. Pearse gave the order to surrender after profound artillery strikes on the city centre caused fires lasting two days to close in on the GPO and the civilian death toll began to rise sharply. Nurse Elizabeth O’Farrell, in the company of a priest, carried the order to the other strongholds, which were still under rebel control.

30. The order read: “In order to prevent the further slaughter of Dublin citizens, and in the hope of saving the lives of our followers now surrounded and hopelessly outnumbered, the members of the Provisional Government present at headquarters have agreed to an unconditional surrender, and the commandants of the various districts in the City and County will order their commands to lay down arms.”

31. Many Volunteers were shocked by and suspicious of the order, as the understanding at the outset had been that of no surrender. Thinking it a forgery by the British, they initially sent O’Farrell away.

32. The rebel stronghold at Marrowbone Lane, holding fast with over 100 volunteers and Cumman na mBan women, was under the impression that the Irish were winning. They even had a victory céilí organised for that night.

33. Pearse himself surrendered late on Friday at Moore Street.

34. When the women of Cumann na Mban surrendered, many were told they could simply go home. The women, however, insisted on being arrested with their rebel brothers.

35. Many Irish citizens viewed the rebels as traitors and trouble-makers, and insulted them as they were marched to their prison cells.

Géilleadh

29. Thug an Piarsach an t-ordú géillte i ndiaidh do thinte a mhair dhá lá – a raibh mórionsaithe airtléire ar lár na cathrach ina gcúis leo – teacht níos cóngaraí d’Ard-Oifig an Phoist. Bhí méadú ag teacht ar líon na sibhialtach a bhí ag fáil bháis freisin. Thug an bhanaltra Elizabeth O’Farrell an t-ordú go dtí na daingin eile a bhí fós faoi rialú na reibiliúnach. Bhí sagart in éineacht léi.

30. Seo mar a bhí san ordú: “Chun tuilleadh sléachta ar shaoránaigh Bhaile Átha Cliath a chosc, agus le súil go sábhálfar saol ár lucht leanúna atá timpeallaithe agus laghdaithe go mór ó thaobh lín de anois, tá sé socraithe ag comhaltaí an Rialtais Shealadaigh atá i láthair ag an gceanncheathrú géilleadh gan chomha, agus ordóidh na ceannfoirt sna ceantair éagsúla sa chathair agus sa chontae do na daoine atá faoina gceannas a gcuid arm a leagan uathu.” [Aistriúchán ar an mbunscríbhinn i mBéarla]

31. Bhain an t-ordú sin geit as mórán Óglach agus bhí siad amhrasach faoi siocair go raibh siad den tuairim i dtosach báire nach ngéillfidís in aon chor. Thug siad an bóthar do O’Farrell ar dtús cionn is gur chreid siad gur bhrionnaigh fórsaí na Breataine an t-ordú.

32. Shíl daingean na reibiliúnach ag Lána Mhuire Mhaith, a sheas an fód le breis is 100 óglach agus ball de Chumann na mBan, go raibh na hÉireannaigh in uachtar. Bhí céilí  buachana eagraithe acu don oíche sin fiú amháin.

33. Ghéill an Piarsach féin go déanach ar an Aoine ar Shráid an Mhúraigh.

34. Nuair a ghéill na mná i gCumann na mBan, dúradh le go leor acu go dtiocfadh leo dul abhaile. Theastaigh ó na mná go ngabhfaí iad, áfach, in éineacht lena gcuid deartháireacha reibiliúnacha.

35. Chreid a lán saoránaigh Éireannacha gurbh fhealltóirí agus scabhaitéirí iad na reibiliúnaigh agus mhaslaigh siad iad nuair a tugadh ar shiúl chun príosúin iad.

Fallout

36. The fighting in Dublin lasted for six days, killing 254 civilians and injuring several thousand.

37. The Easter Rising made international news: in France, 65 articles covering the rebellion were published, and in the US, it made the front page of the New York Times fourteen days consecutively. Meanwhile, the Times in Britain urged drastic handling of the rebels “...for the sake of all loyal classes in Ireland.”

38. Dublin’s city centre suffered enormous destruction. In fact, since the Napoleonic Wars of over 100 years prior, no other European city had been as badly damaged.

Na hIarmhairtí

36. Mhair an troid i mBaile Átha Cliath ar feadh sé lá; maraíodh 254 sibhialtach agus gortaíodh na mílte duine.

37. Bhí Éirí Amach na Cásca sa nuacht idirnáisiúnta: cuireadh 65 alt i gcló sa Fhrainc inar clúdaíodh an cheannairc agus, sna Stáit Aontaithe, bhí an reibiliún ar leathanach tosaigh The New York Times ceithre lá dhéag as a chéile. Lena linn sin, ghríosaigh The Times sa Bhreatain chun caitheamh go dian leis na reibiliúnaigh “...ar mhaithe leis na haicmí dílse uile in Éirinn.”

38. Rinneadh an-scrios ar lár Chathair Bhaile Átha Cliath. Go deimhin, ní dhearnadh an oiread céanna damáiste do chathair ar bith eile san Eoraip ó bhí Cogaí Napoléon ann níos mó ná 100 bliain roimhe sin.

Courts Martial and Death Sentences

39. 16 men were executed for their roles in the Easter Rising. 14 of these were carried out by firing squad at Kilmainham Gaol under the orders of General Maxwell, whose orders had also caused the deaths of over a dozen civilians in the North King Street Massacre.

40. Of all the leaders tried for treason for their roles in the Easter Rising, Willie Pearse, younger brother of Padraig Pearse, was the only one to plead guilty to the charges.

41. Connolly’s injuries were so grave that he had to be carried to his execution on a stretcher. He was tied to a chair and shot dead.

42. On the eve of Tom Clarke’s execution, his wife, Kathleen, a founding member of Cumann na mBan, visited him in his cell. Although she was newly pregnant, she declined to tell him the news.

43. The wedding of Joseph Plunkett and Grace Gifford took place at Kilmainham Gaol eight hours before his execution. They were immediately separated.

44. Grace spent the rest of her life wearing widow’s mourning clothes.

45. Leaders who avoided execution included Countess Constance Markievicz (on account of her sex) and Eamonn De Valera, because of his United States citizenship.

46. At Christmas, 1916, Liam Mellows escaped to America aboard a British munitions ship disguised as a mourning woman. Unfortunately he was caught upon arrival in New York, arrested and detained without trial in “Tombs” Prison, where he served two years.

47. As several days of executions in May 1916 wore on, public sentiment began to turn in favour of the rebels, their deaths becoming effective martyrdoms. The British, sensing growing Irish nationalism, initially tried to suppress the unrest, but eventually conceded.

48. One year to the date of Connolly’s death, Citizen Army nurse Rosie Hackett hung a banner with the words “James Connolly murdered, May 12th 1916” at the front of Liberty Hall.

Armchúirteanna agus Breitheanna Báis

39. Cuireadh 16 fhear chun báis as a gcuid ról in Éirí Amach na Cásca. Rinne scuad lámhaigh i bPríosún Chill Mhaighneann 14 cinn acu seo ar ordaithe an Ghinearáil Maxwell. A chuid ordaithe sin ba chúis le marú breis is dhá dhuine dhéag i Sléacht Shráid an Rí Thuaidh freisin.

40. As na ceannairí ar fad a triaileadh i dtréas as a gcuid ról in Éirí Amach na Cásca, ba é Liam Mac Piarais, deartháir óg Phádraig Mhic Phiarais, an t-aon duine amháin acu a phléadáil ciontach sna cúisimh.

41. Bhí gortuithe Uí Chonghaile chomh holc sin gurbh éigean é a iompar ar shínteán chuig an ionad básaithe. Ceanglaíodh de chathaoir é agus scaoileadh marbh é.

42. An oíche sular cuireadh Tomás Ó Cléirigh chun báis, thug a bhean chéile, Kathleen, duine de bhunaitheoirí Chumann na mBan, cuairt air ina chillín. Cé go raibh sí ag iompar clainne, níor inis sí sin dó.

43. Phós Seosamh Pluincéid Grace Gifford i bPríosún Chill Mhaighneann ocht n-uaire an chloig sular cuireadh chun báis é. Scaradh óna chéile láithreach iad.

44. Chaith Grace éadaí bróin baintrí don chuid eile dá saol.

45. Níor cuireadh ceannairí áirithe chun báis, mar shampla an Chuntaois Constance Markievicz (mar gheall ar a hinscne) agus Éamon de Valera de bhrí gur shaoránach de chuid Mheiriceá é.

46. Um Nollaig 1916, d’éalaigh Liam Ó Maoilíosa go Meiriceá ar bord long muinisean na Breataine agus é i mbréagriocht mná faoi bhrón. Ar an drochuair, rugadh air ar shroicheadh Nua-Eabhrac dó, gabhadh é agus coinníodh i ngéibheann é gan triail i bPríosún ‘na dTuamaí’, áit ar chaith sé dhá bhliain.

47. De réir mar a cuireadh na ceannairí chun báis thar roinnt laethanta i mí na Bealtaine 1916, bhí dearcadh an phobail ag athrú i bhfabhar na reibiliúnach – ba chosúil nach raibh a mbás in aisce agus go raibh brí lena mairtíreacht. Bhraith na Briotanaigh go raibh náisiúnachas na hÉireann ag dul i méid agus rinne siad iarracht an chorraíl a chur faoi chois i dtús báire, ach ghéill siad sa deireadh.

48. Go díreach bliain amháin tar éis bhás Uí Chonghaile, chroch banaltra san Arm Cathartha, Rosie Hackett, meirge ar aghaidh Halla na Saoirse ar a raibh na focail “Séamas Ó Conghaile, a dúnmharaíodh an 12 Bealtaine 1916”.

Turning of the Tides

49. When the Irish soldiers fighting abroad in World War I returned home expecting a hero’s welcome, they were shunned by a changed society, who saw their involvement on behalf of the British as a betrayal.

50. In 1917, the British government pardoned everyone involved in the Rising, and released those who remained in custody.

 

Casadh na Taoide

49. Bhí na saighdiúirí Éireannacha a throid thar lear sa Chéad Chogadh Domhanda ag súil le fáilte an ghaiscígh nuair a d’fhill siad abhaile. Ní bhfuair siad é, áfach, ó shochaí a bhí tar éis athrú; chreid an tsochaí anois gur imir na saighdiúirí sin feall ar an tír mar gur throid siad ar son na Breataine.

50. Sa bhliain 1917, thug rialtas na Breataine pardún do gach duine a raibh baint acu leis an Éirí Amach, agus ligeadh saor iad siúd a bhí fós faoi choimeád.

 

How much do you know about the National Flag? Find out with these 10 facts.

Cá mhéad atá ar eolas agat faoin mBratach Náisiúnta? Faigh amach leis na 10 bhFíric seo.

Stay up-to-date Fan ar an eolas

News Nuacht

Follow the latest news from the Ireland 2016 team including updates of events and programme updates.

Faigh an nuacht is déanaí ó fhoireann Éire 2016, imeachtaí nua agus athruithe ar an gclár ina measc.

Partners Comhpháirtithe

Stay up-to-date with our Partners and follow what’s on in your area, helping to commemorate Ireland 2016.

Fan ar an eolas maidir lenár gComhpháirtithe agus an méid a bheidh ar siúl i do cheantar féin chun Éire 2016 a chomóradh.